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SS-20 Saber
The RSD-10 ''Pioneer'' ((ロシア語:ракета средней дальности (РСД) «Пионер») tr.: ''Raketa Sredney Dalnosti (RSD) "Pioner"''; (英語:Medium-Range Missile "Pioneer")) was an intermediate-range ballistic missile with a nuclear warhead deployed by the Soviet Union from 1976 to 1988. It carried GRAU designation 15Zh45. Its NATO reporting name was SS-20 Saber.
Its deployment was a major cause of the NATO's 'Double-Track Decision', which led to the deployment of more medium-range nuclear weapons in Western Europe. The RSD-10 was withdrawn from service under the 1987 Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty.
==Specifications==
The missile was high, in diameter and weighed 37.1 tons. It was based on two solid-fuel fibre-glass clad stages of the RT-21 Temp 2S (SS-16 ''Sinner'') so it was also known as the RT-21M ''Pioneer''. The missile's range was from initially; the final model had a maximum range of possibly . Initially the missile was fitted with a single 1 Mt, 1.6 ton warhead, later models could take one warhead or two and from 1980 three MIRV'd 150 kt devices (Pioneer UTTH). The CEP was also reduced from to . The missile was the first Soviet missile equipped with solid fuel instead of liquid fuel, which meant that it could be launched once the order had been given instead of wasting hours doing the dangerous work of pumping the missile with liquid fuel.〔Cant, James "The SS-20 Missile-Why Were You Pointing at Me?" pages 240-253 from ''Russia War, Peace and Diplomacy'' edited by Ljubica and Mark Erickson, London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 2004 page 241.〕
The missile used a MAZ-547A/MAZ-7916 transporter erector launcher produced in the Belarusian SSR by the Minsk Automobile Plant. The TEL was originally designed for the RT-21 Temp 2S intercontinental ballistic missile.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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